Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) is a plant virus that infects cotton plants, causing symptoms such as curling, thickening, and discoloration of leaves, stunted growth, and reduced yield. It is transmitted by whiteflies and is a major threat to cotton production in many regions of the world, particularly in South Asia and Africa. Research on CLCuV focuses on understanding the virus-host interactions, developing resistant cultivars, and finding sustainable control strategies to manage the disease and minimize its impact on cotton production.